Is addiction a chronic illness or a personal choice? .. a study that reply

Addiction is one of the most complicated health and social issues, and it is the subject of constant controversy among scientists, healthcare staff and policymakers; Some of them consider addiction as an option, while others consider it a chronic brain disease. Ansar perspective of “selection” says that addiction is caused by a series of bad decisions, not about an inherent cerebral disorder, and they believe that individuals have control over their actions, and that addiction is mainly a matter of choice affected by personal values, social environment and individual circumstances. On the other hand, the perspective of “chronic brain disease” assumes that addiction is a medical condition rooted in neurological changes and genetic preparations, and this opinion supports intensive research that shows how addiction -which changes brain function, leading to compulsive behavior and loss of control. A new approach to addiction between this and this, an extensive study, published in a book entitled: “A new approach to addiction and testing, states that addiction cannot be considered a chronic illness, nor a personal choice; In the possibility of permanent change, either in the addict self, or in the processor. Of addiction changes, the brain often changes during life, under the influence of many different activities, so the question is: To what extent are these changes unique in relation to addiction and does it contribute to its appearance? As well as the extent of these adaptations in the brain to return to normal to recovery. Chronic illness or option? Research has shown that drug use can lead to major changes in the structure and function of the brain for a long time, especially in areas related to reward, motivation and self -control, and these changes can create a strong motivation to continue using substances, making it very difficult for individuals to keep medicine on their own. Studies have also indicated that heritability plays an important role in addiction; It is more likely to develop individuals with a family history of addiction, which is an indication of the presence of a genetic element that exceeds personal choice. The model “chronic diseases” calls for medicinal treatments, such as the treatment using medication, to treat essential biological neurological problems; Medicines such as metadon, poprinorphine and nalterxone can help manage withdrawal symptoms and reduce intense desire, which supports the recovery of the long term. At the same time, scientific studies that support the “personal choice” point of view say that addiction is considered an option that emphasizes the importance of individual responsibility, enables people to make better decisions, and also emphasizes the ability of individuals to choose to avoid addiction, or overcome by the power of will and self -discipline. Supporters of this view say that addiction often stems from exposure to environments in which drug use is normal, or encouraged, and by changing the environment of the individual and his social circle, individuals can reduce the risk of addiction. The effect of addiction on the brain confirms the presence of an imbalance in the brain networks in addicts, and studies show how addiction develops through natural neurological psychological systems that have developed useful functions. For example, in the early stages of drug use, the brain refers to an emerging reward and stimulates efforts to obtain it, which is the natural ‘desire’ process. It is a process that differs from ‘admiration’ with something, and despite the agreement of the two usually, the substances that cause addiction, such as stimulants, opioids, alcohol, not even the person), not the necessary human mechanisms) (the desire). Like, or even if the person doesn’t like, he wants to stop completely. There is another brain process associated with addiction that includes withdrawal, as the brain adapts to the drug, and prepares the body with an anti -euphoria reactions, and easily leads to its escalation, which means that more addictive substance is needed to create the expected effect. Other brain regions involved in addiction include the user of habit formation, a prominent brain network that defines what individuals consider important, and the executive control network that affects disagreement and working memory. “So there should be no mistake: The long -term alcohol consumption has negative effects on the brain in almost all parts of the brain, and the same can be said to other medicines,” explains “Wez.” Opposition to consider addiction as a disease over the past decade has increased the voices opposed to the form of chronic brain diseases, and those with a view say that the brain is an organ subject to ongoing change, and the fact that there is changes related to addiction does not in itself prove that addiction is a brain disease. ‘Drawe’ notes that the view of addiction as a chronic brain disease, where the relapse is the basis, largely depends on the studies of patients who have regularly reversed after treatment, and it is believed that many people who suffer at some point in their lives can overcome the problem, and to recover from them completely, or the truth is not merely on progressive brains. Estimates differ according to the narcotic substance, but for the general addiction of alcohol, tobacco and hemp less than 10% of people of their addiction are treated. “Addiction is a brain disease that is not correct as it does not involve an ethical option for addictive behavior, and also social and environmental effects that play an important role, in the risk of addiction, can also be formulated to influence the choices taken.” Brain diseases and disgrace stigmatization and “thread” indicate that one of the motives to stay away from the form of chronic brain diseases is the stigma, while studies indicate that the description of addiction as “chronic cerebral disease” reduces the degree of debt for people who are addicted to their problems, but it can also stay away from being a completely different kind of people. In addition, the perspective of chronic brain disease seems to reduce the hope of recovery, whether among people with addiction themselves, or around them, including treatment providers, and studies indicate that this perspective leads to the approach of “everything or nothing” to recover, even if its use is useful. “The addiction perspective as a chronic brain disease can be correct for a small group of people who are strongly addicted, despite repeated efforts, they cannot stop their addiction. In these exceptional cases, the acceptance of chronic addicted diagnosis can also help instead of despair, but for the vast majority of addict, the image of people with chronic brain is not justified. Addiction “Choice of prejudice” people make decisions based on the effects of their actions, and this process can be influenced by treatment and different types of cognitive training. Professor of Development Psychopathy notes that this ability to direct behavior to future goals is essential to address contemporary addictive behavior, including the use of smartphones, to eat meat, and even to reduce the climate change “our ability to expect is to change, whether it is to change, or to use, or to use, or Honor, or it will be to conquer it, to overcome, or it will be to honor future of our planet.