Brain aging .. A discovery opens the door for treatments that can delay the effects of age

Researchers at the US “Allen” institute have achieved ‘interesting’ results on changes in brain cells with age, opening the door for new treatments. According to a study published in the journal “Nature” (Nature), scientists were able to identify specific types of cells and an important location in which these changes occur, leading to the aging of the brain. The study highlights the molecular mechanisms associated with the aging of the brain, which paves the way for the development of new treatments aimed at delaying the effects of aging or managing more effectively. The study focused on dozens of brain cells, especially glial cells, which showed major changes in genetic expression with age. Brain cells with age are witness to complex changes that can affect their important functions, especially those associated with memory, learning and general nerve functions. Scientists have discovered dozens of cells exposed to significant changes with age, and most are cells that support the brain known as ‘glial cells’. The glial cells play an important role in supporting neurons as it provides nutrients, retains the environment around neurons and helps get rid of waste. Genetic changes The recent study showed that these cells are subject to important genetic changes with age, affecting their functions. Small glial cells are the first line of defense in the brain against infection and injuries. The study showed that the genes associated with infections become more active in these cells with age, leading to increased chronic infections, which is one of the most important signs of aging. Scientists have also identified the changes that occur in the biomal cells that specialize in removing harmful molecules and damaged cells. With age, its effectiveness decreases due to the genetic changes they are exposed to, leading to the accumulation of cellular waste that can negatively affect the health of the brain. The scientists said that the cells are low in the form of the formation and maintenance of the “Miles layer” that surrounds the nerve fibers, which guarantee the speed of nerve falters; A wide variety of genetic changes associated with Miles function, which lowers the level in the brain and leads to a decrease in nerve efficiency. The scientists pointed out that the T -cells in the “Al -Watt” area, which play a major role in regulating metabolism and energy, also changes on a genetic level in a way that affects their ability to respond to environmental signals, suggesting that aging is related to metabolic disorders. The study emphasized that aging in the brain is not a general process that affects all cells equally, but differs between cells. For example, genes associated with infections have significantly increased their activity, while genes associated with the structure and functions of neurons have decreased. The study also showed that “Al -Watt” is an important area for genetic expressions during aging; Cells suffer from significant effects on their important functions, especially in energy -related processes. These results can contribute to the development of treatments that target the types of glial cells that are subject to changes with aging, and open new horizons to a deeper understanding of the complex biological mechanisms that control aging in the brain.