Researchers invented a technique to diagnose tuberculosis faster

Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States have managed to decipher one of the most complicated puzzles about tuberculosis, which is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases in the world. With the help of an innovative technique, scientists have managed to detect and photograph mysterious sugar particles, “glycan” in the wall of the tuberculosis bacteria, which can open the door for the development of fast and cheap diagnostic test based on urine instead of complex traditional methods. Tuberculosis is the most dangerous infectious diseases in the world as it affects about 10 million people annually and causes the death of more than a million people. Tuberculosis bacteria have a thick cell wall that helps to resist the human immune system, and it is largely formed by complex sugar molecules called ‘Glican’. However, the role of these molecules in the defense of bacteria was a puzzle of scientists; Due to the problems of detecting it within the cells. The researchers have managed to develop a new way to monitor special sugar molecules, called manlam in the tuberculosis bacteria, using a chemical that only sticks to these rare molecules containing sulfur. After the success of the experiment, the team determined the exact location of these molecules in the wall of the bacterial cell and monitored how they act during the first days after the immune cells were injured in the body. Understand how bacteria disappear. This discovery helps to understand how to hide tuberculosis bacteria for the immune system, and can lead to the development of faster tests to diagnose the disease. This technology aims to develop a new diagnostic test that can detect tuberculosis, whether on laboratory farms or urine samples, which can provide a cheaper and faster alternative than current diagnoses. Developing countries, where tuberculosis cases spread over the cultivation of bacteria from mucus samples, a week that lasts weeks and have a high rate of wrong negative results. Children also struggle to provide phlegm samples, making the diagnosis more complicated. The lead author of the study, Laura Kisling, said that there are no good diagnostic options, and that there are categories of patients, such as children struggling to provide samples, and therefore there is an urgent need to develop simple and fast tests. The Galccan is a major challenge for the discrimination process due to the lack of characteristic rows or chemical reactions that can be targeted, as it is not produced by genetic code such as proteins. ‘Rare sugar’, but the researchers have managed to take advantage of a rare sugar called MTX, located in Manlam, which contains a unique sulfur collection. Using a small molecule called “Oxzeridine”, the team can distinguish Manlam in tuberculosis bacteria and follow it under a microscope. The results showed that the glycan stays in the bacterial cell wall during the early days of the injury, as opposed to the previous hypotheses suggesting that the bacterium releases the glycan in the host cell. “This is the first way to enable us to selectively selectively,” said Stephanie Smillanski, a graduate student at the Massachusetts Institute and the first author of the study. In addition to studying bacteria interactions with the host, researchers hope to use this technique to develop more sensitive diagnostic tests. There is currently a test developed that uses antibodies against man lamb in the urine, but it only works in many active cases of tuberculosis. Using a small molecular sensor, the team can develop a test that can detect small amounts of glycan, even in the early stages of the disease. The researchers have continued by saying that “the ability to detect bacteria will enable us to see surgeries that were previously invisible, whether in cells or in animal models and with ongoing research, this method can pave the way for a faster and more accurate diagnosis, and it saves the lives of millions in the areas that are most affected by this deadly disease.”