A new mechanism for the treatment of an autism syndrome

Neuroscientists at the Pecor Institute for Learning and Memory, attached to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, have announced a new approach to the treatment of fragile chromosome syndrome, which is the most common genetic disorder that causes autism. Violent chromosome syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a defect in a gene responsible for the production of protein needed for brain function, leading to delayed growth, learning, problems in communication and behavior, sometimes epileptic seizures, or excessive activity, and it is the most common genetic causes of mental disability and autism; Because of the nature of her transfer via sexual chromosome. The study, published in the cell reports, has shown that improving a specific type of nervous signal can reduce the symptoms of these disorder in mouse models. Breaking chromosome syndrome focuses on the research on receptors known as NMDA, and its role in regulating protein synthesis in neurons, which is an important factor in adjusting neurological links, or known as “synchrone plasticity”. The study revealed that increasing the activity of a specific type of these receptors in the strongholds – a region in the brain responsible for learning and memory – can reduce the excessive production of proteins, which is one of the characteristic features of fragile chromosome syndrome. The researchers say that the results have been an extension of previous research for decades. In 2011, the Institute scientists explained that fragile chromosome syndrome, and sclerosis two opposite cases represented by organizing protein synthesis in the brain, as the first proteins produce in excess amounts, while the second produces very small amounts. When the mice carrying these two disorders were crossed, their offspring appeared in natural health, suggesting that the mutations canceled each other. In 2020, the same team unveiled a new mechanism for NMDA receptors as they found that they had two different functional positions; The first depends on the flow of calcium ions to stimulate compact plasticity, while second depends on non -ionic signals affecting the synthesis of protein, and leads to a shrinkage of nerve consequences. NMDA receptors are a type of chemical receptor on the surface of neurons, which plays a fundamental role in the communication process between the neurons in the brain, especially in learning and memory processes. These receptors are dependent on glutamate, which is one of the basic nerve vectors in the nervous system, and controls the entry of calcium ions in the nerve cell, which helps to strengthen and adapt nerve bonds by experience and leather. Epilepsy and autism, and these receptors are characterized by their high sensitivity to the electrical tension, that is, they are only active when a specific interaction combines the presence of a nervous carrier with adequate electrical motivation, which makes it necessary to store information in the brain and create memories. It also plays an important role in nerve adjustment processes, as it affects the brain’s reaction to different experiments, whether natural or pathological. According to the study; Increasing the activity of these receptors or the disturbance of their function can lead to health problems such as neurological degenerational diseases, or disorders such as epilepsy and autism, which make it an important purpose in medical research to treat many neurological diseases. To accurately understand the role of these receptors, the researchers focused on two specific parts of them, and experiments showed that the removal of one of these two parts occurred in the ties between neurons, but that one of them only affected the size of small branches coming from the nerve cells, and experiments confirmed that this effect depends on a specific part within this component. Based on these results, the researchers genetically modified an experiment on mice, as this part between the two different parts is replaced, and the results showed that the therapeutic effect disappeared when this part was changed, confirming that it played a fundamental role in regulating the form of neurological branches and the production of proteins in the cell. The benefits of genetic modification in applying this method to mice infected with a rare genetic disorder, the researchers found that the genetic modification of one of the components of nerve receptors naturally helps regulate the production of proteins, improves the ability of neurological ties to adapt, improves and reduces irregular nervous. Trying a new remedy that improves the signals of this component seems to help restore protein production, as well as the attacks caused by high sounds, which are one of the symptoms of this disorder. Although the future of this medicine in medical use is still unclear, the researchers note that there are other medicines under the development that specifically target this nerve component, and if effectively proven, it may be a qualitative shift in the treatment of this disorder, and perhaps other cases associated with a defect in the production of protein in the brain, such as a rare disease. This discovery is an important step towards the development of new treatments, which depends on a deeper understanding of the accurate brain mechanisms, which increases the hope of improving the lives of people with complex neurological genetic disorders.